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Semaglutide: What It Is and How It Works

July 13, 2026 · Kevin Lazar, MSN, APRN, PMHNP-BC

Semaglutide is a synthetic version of the GLP-1 hormone that targets areas of the brain and body involved in appetite, insulin secretion, and glucose metabolism. It's taken once weekly by subcutaneous injection.

How it works

Semaglutide mimics GLP-1, binding to receptors in the brain, pancreas, and other organs. It acts on appetite centers in the brain to reduce hunger and food cravings. It stimulates glucose-dependent insulin release. It slows gastric emptying, which helps you feel full longer and stabilizes blood sugar.

What clinical trials found

In clinical trials of semaglutide 2.4 mg, average weight loss at 68 weeks was 14.9%, compared with 2.4% with placebo, alongside an average A1c reduction of 1.6% at 68 weeks. These are group averages from controlled trials, not a guarantee. Individual results vary.

Dosing and safety

Dosing typically starts low and increases gradually over several weeks to improve tolerability. You take it once weekly with or without food on the same day each week. The most common side effects are nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, and constipation. They're usually mild to moderate and lessen over time. It is not used in patients with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma or MEN 2, and carries a risk of pancreatitis and gallbladder disease. Always discuss all medications with your provider.

This is a cash-pay metabolic program for adults, available to New Mexico residents, and is separate from psychiatric care. Semaglutide is a tool, most effective alongside nutrition, movement, and consistency, not a substitute for either.


Kevin Lazar, MSN, APRN, PMHNP-BC · WellnessRx · View the study

If you are in crisis, call or text 988 (Suicide & Crisis Lifeline). Medications prescribed only when clinically appropriate. Individual results vary. Telehealth services available to New Mexico residents. Compounded medications are not FDA-approved as products.

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